Joaquim Tenreiro and José Zanine Caldas: Two Approaches to Brazilian Design

For much of the 20th century, Brazil was the setting for one of the most unique episodes in the history of modern design. While Europe was exploring the possibilities of industrial production and new materials, a generation of Brazilian architects and designers began to formulate a different kind of modernity: one deeply connected to the land, the climate, local ways of life, and, most notably, the extraordinary richness of its woods. The result was a style that could hardly be confused with any other. Tropical woods, exposed structural elements, organic forms, and a particularly close relationship between craftsmanship, architecture, and