Roman oil lamp, 3rd–5th centuries A.D.

Anthropomorphic Roman oil lamp. Eastern Mediterranean, 3rd–5th centuries AD.
Molded terracotta.
Provenance: Family bequest from Ramon Martí Alsina and Ricard Martí Aguiló. Archaeological collection assembled beginning in the 1950s by successive generations of the family through purchases at European galleries and auction houses.
Measurements: 9.7 cm in length.
Weight: 50 g.

Roman terracotta oil lamp with an elongated body and anthropomorphic decoration integrated into its structure. It features a human head on the back, with a schematic face and hair indicated by incisions, while the body of the lamp incorporates raised elements that appear to represent the figure’s limbs. The fuel inlet is located in the central area, and the spout—with traces of soot around the combustion hole—is situated at the opposite end. The surface retains reddish and ochre tones, with deposits and signs of wear.

Figurative oil lamps constitute a variant of Roman ceramic production in which functional elements are integrated into human, animal, or mythological representations. This type of piece reflects the formal diversity of domestic lighting objects and the spread of figurative motifs in Mediterranean pottery workshops during Late Antiquity.