A pair of fountain pens: “Duofold Senior” and “45 Custom.” PARKER

A pair of fountain pens: “Duofold Senior” and “45 Custom.” PARKER. United States, ca. 1928–1929, and the second half of the 20th century.
“Duofold Senior” in black Permanite with gold-plated metal accents and a nib marked “PARKER DUOFOLD PEN”; “45 Custom” in black synthetic material with a cap and gold-plated metal accents.
They show signs of wear on the metal finishes.
Measurements: 14 cm in length

The Parker Duofold Senior is one of the seminal models in the history of the American company. Originally introduced in 1921, the Duofold line adopted the two narrow cap rings visible on this example in 1928, prior to the redesign featuring streamlined lines that began in 1929. By then, Parker was already using its material known as Permanite, gradually replacing the ebonite used in the earliest models.

The Parker 45 Custom, introduced several decades later, represents a more modern and functional design for the fountain pen, featuring a semi-concealed nib and a cartridge or converter system. Its combination of a black barrel and a fluted gold cap was characteristic of one of the higher-end versions within the extensive Parker 45 family.