Fragment of ecclesiastical cloak, XVI century.

Fragment of ecclesiastical cloak, XVI century.
Measurements: 42 x 21 cm; 62 x 42 cm (frame).
The cloak (pluvial) was in ancient times an open mantle with a hood, cappa, from secular use. It seems to have been worn especially by canons in choir (cappa choralis); it was recommended for processions as protection against inclement weather (cappa pluvialis, pallium pluviale, hence the designation pluvial). It made its way into liturgical use, being obligatory for special services, such as vespers (vespers mantle). It also became a garment of episcopal rank (cappa pontificalis) with elaborate ornamentation. The cloak is reminiscent of the chasuble, but is open at the front and fastened at the chest by a brooch. Towards the Middle Ages the hood gradually disappeared, eventually transforming into a small cloth garment with decoration (clipeus), which hung down the back. On the other hand, a tail was later added to the episcopal cloak.