Spanish school; c. 1800.
"Still lifes".
Oil on canvas.
It has frame of the nineteenth century.
Measurements: 24 x 34 cm (x2); 27 x 37 cm (frames, x2).
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BID HISTORY
DESCRIPTION
Spanish school; c. 1800.
"Still lifes".
Oil on canvas.
It has frame of the nineteenth century.
Measurements: 24 x 34 cm (x2); 27 x 37 cm (frames, x2).
Throughout the 19th century, the still life maintained a constant and significant presence within the Spanish school, serving not only as an autonomous pictorial genre, but also as a vehicle of cultural and technical transmission. Its importance lies, to a great extent, in the direct inheritance of the Baroque tradition, whose echo still resounded strongly in Spanish painting classrooms and academies. Far from being a simple stylistic repetition, the nineteenth-century still life was configured as a space for artistic reflection where academic rigor, nationalist sensibility and the aesthetic legacy of the Golden Age converged.
The Baroque school of the 17th century, with eminent figures such as Francisco de Zurbarán, Juan Sánchez Cotán or Juan van der Hamen, had elevated the still life to a full artistic category, endowing it with a profound symbolic sense, a studied formal composition and a refined technique. These painters not only dignified humble objects, but also imprinted on them a latent spirituality, a silent order that dialogued with the viewer from stillness and sobriety. This Baroque tradition, with its cult of detail, chiaroscuro and materiality, was assimilated as a canonical model in the academies of fine arts of the 19th century, especially in Madrid and Seville, where the study of the still life was promoted as a fundamental exercise in the painter's training.
In this academic context, the still life was consolidated as a pedagogical genre, ideal for learning drawing, perspective and the representation of tactile qualities. Still lifes were meticulously set up in the classroom, allowing the student to test the effects of light, volume and texture on various surfaces: metals, fruits, earthenware, cloth. Beyond its technical utility, the nineteenth-century still life also incorporated elements of the romantic and realist sensibility, with an increasing attention to the domestic environment, traditional trades and popular customs, evidencing a contemporary reinterpretation of the genre.
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